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408 lines
22 KiB
Markdown
408 lines
22 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: 433Mhz MQTT Gateway
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description: Unlock the potential of RF 433 MHz technology with our universal gateway. Decode signals from various devices, and integrate seamlessly with MQTT systems and controllers like Home Assistant and OpenHAB.
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---
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# RF gateways (433mhz/315mhz)
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## RTL_433 device decoders
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This feature is only available on a ESP32 based device with a supported transceiver connected due to the resource requirements of the rtl_433 device decoders. At the present time only Pulse Position Modulation (OOK_PPM), Pulse Width Modulation (OOK_PWM) and Pulse Manchester Zero Bit (OOK_PULSE_MANCHESTER_ZEROBIT) based decoders are available.
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### Supported hardware combinations
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- ESP32 based device with a CC1101 transceiver
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- Heltec WiFi LoRa 32 (V2.1) and LilyGo Lora 32 V2.1
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- ESP32 DOIT DevKit V1 and Ai-Thinker R01 (SX1278)
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- ESP32 + SX1278/SX1276
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### Supported Decoders
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```
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Registering protocol [2] "Acurite 609TXC Temperature and Humidity Sensor"
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Registering protocol [3] "Acurite 592TXR Temp/Humidity, 5n1 Weather Station, 6045 Lightning, 3N1, Atlas"
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Registering protocol [4] "Acurite 986 Refrigerator / Freezer Thermometer"
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Registering protocol [5] "Acurite 606TX Temperature Sensor"
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Registering protocol [6] "Acurite 00275rm,00276rm Temp/Humidity with optional probe"
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Registering protocol [7] "Acurite 590TX Temperature with optional Humidity"
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Registering protocol [8] "Acurite Grill/Meat Thermometer 01185M"
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Registering protocol [9] "Akhan 100F14 remote keyless entry"
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Registering protocol [10] "AlectoV1 Weather Sensor (Alecto WS3500 WS4500 Ventus W155/W044 Oregon)"
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Registering protocol [11] "Ambient Weather TX-8300 Temperature/Humidity Sensor"
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Registering protocol [13] "Auriol AFT 77 B2 temperature sensor"
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Registering protocol [14] "Auriol AFW2A1 temperature/humidity sensor"
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Registering protocol [15] "Auriol AHFL temperature/humidity sensor"
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Registering protocol [16] "Auriol HG02832, HG05124A-DCF, Rubicson 48957 temperature/humidity sensor"
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Registering protocol [18] "Blyss DC5-UK-WH"
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Registering protocol [20] "Bresser Thermo-/Hygro-Sensor 3CH"
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Registering protocol [22] "Burnhard BBQ thermometer"
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Registering protocol [23] "Calibeur RF-104 Sensor"
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Registering protocol [24] "Cardin S466-TX2"
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Registering protocol [25] "Chuango Security Technology"
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Registering protocol [26] "Companion WTR001 Temperature Sensor"
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Registering protocol [29] "Ecowitt Wireless Outdoor Thermometer WH53/WH0280/WH0281A"
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Registering protocol [30] "Eurochron EFTH-800 temperature and humidity sensor"
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Registering protocol [34] "Esperanza EWS"
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Registering protocol [36] "Fine Offset Electronics, WH2, WH5, Telldus Temperature/Humidity/Rain Sensor"
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Registering protocol [37] "Fine Offset Electronics, WH0530 Temperature/Rain Sensor"
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Registering protocol [38] "Fine Offset WH1050 Weather Station"
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Registering protocol [39] "Fine Offset Electronics WH1080/WH3080 Weather Station"
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Registering protocol [41] "FT-004-B Temperature Sensor"
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Registering protocol [42] "Generic wireless motion sensor"
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Registering protocol [43] "Generic Remote SC226x EV1527"
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Registering protocol [44] "Generic temperature sensor 1"
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Registering protocol [45] "Govee Water Leak Dectector H5054, Door Contact Sensor B5023"
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Registering protocol [46] "Globaltronics QUIGG GT-TMBBQ-05"
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Registering protocol [47] "Globaltronics GT-WT-02 Sensor"
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Registering protocol [48] "Globaltronics GT-WT-03 Sensor"
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Registering protocol [49] "Microchip HCS200 KeeLoq Hopping Encoder based remotes"
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Registering protocol [50] "Honeywell ActivLink, Wireless Doorbell"
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Registering protocol [51] "HT680 Remote control"
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Registering protocol [52] "inFactory, nor-tec, FreeTec NC-3982-913 temperature humidity sensor"
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Registering protocol [54] "Interlogix GE UTC Security Devices"
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Registering protocol [56] "Kedsum Temperature & Humidity Sensor, Pearl NC-7415"
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Registering protocol [57] "Kerui PIR / Contact Sensor"
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Registering protocol [58] "LaCrosse TX Temperature / Humidity Sensor"
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Registering protocol [59] "LaCrosse TX141-Bv2, TX141TH-Bv2, TX141-Bv3, TX141W, TX145wsdth, (TFA, ORIA) sensor"
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Registering protocol [60] "LaCrosse/ELV/Conrad WS7000/WS2500 weather sensors"
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Registering protocol [61] "LaCrosse WS-2310 / WS-3600 Weather Station"
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Registering protocol [63] "Markisol, E-Motion, BOFU, Rollerhouse, BF-30x, BF-415 curtain remote"
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Registering protocol [64] "Maverick et73"
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Registering protocol [66] "Missil ML0757 weather station"
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Registering protocol [68] "Nexus, FreeTec NC-7345, NX-3980, Solight TE82S, TFA 30.3209 temperature/humidity sensor"
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Registering protocol [70] "Opus/Imagintronix XT300 Soil Moisture"
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Registering protocol [71] "Oregon Scientific Weather Sensor"
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Registering protocol [72] "Oregon Scientific SL109H Remote Thermal Hygro Sensor"
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Registering protocol [74] "Philips outdoor temperature sensor (type AJ3650)"
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Registering protocol [75] "Philips outdoor temperature sensor (type AJ7010)"
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Registering protocol [76] "Prologue, FreeTec NC-7104, NC-7159-675 temperature sensor"
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Registering protocol [77] "Quhwa"
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Registering protocol [79] "Rubicson Temperature Sensor"
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Registering protocol [80] "Rubicson 48659 Thermometer"
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Registering protocol [81] "Conrad S3318P, FreeTec NC-5849-913 temperature humidity sensor"
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Registering protocol [82] "Silvercrest Remote Control"
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Registering protocol [83] "Skylink HA-434TL motion sensor"
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Registering protocol [84] "Wireless Smoke and Heat Detector GS 558"
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Registering protocol [85] "Solight TE44/TE66, EMOS E0107T, NX-6876-917"
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Registering protocol [86] "Springfield Temperature and Soil Moisture"
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Registering protocol [87] "TFA Dostmann 30.3221.02 T/H Outdoor Sensor"
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Registering protocol [88] "TFA Drop Rain Gauge 30.3233.01"
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Registering protocol [89] "TFA pool temperature sensor"
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Registering protocol [90] "TFA-Twin-Plus-30.3049, Conrad KW9010, Ea2 BL999"
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Registering protocol [91] "Thermopro TP11 Thermometer"
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Registering protocol [92] "Thermopro TP08/TP12/TP20 thermometer"
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Registering protocol [94] "TS-FT002 Wireless Ultrasonic Tank Liquid Level Meter With Temperature Sensor"
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Registering protocol [95] "Visonic powercode"
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Registering protocol [96] "Waveman Switch Transmitter"
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Registering protocol [97] "WG-PB12V1 Temperature Sensor"
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Registering protocol [98] "WS2032 weather station"
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Registering protocol [99] "Hyundai WS SENZOR Remote Temperature Sensor"
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Registering protocol [100] "WT0124 Pool Thermometer"
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Registering protocol [101] "X10 RF"
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Registering protocol [102] "X10 Security"
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```
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### Change receive frequency
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Default receive frequency of the module is 433.92 Mhz, and this can be can changed by sending a message with the frequency. Parameter is `mhz` and valid values are 300-348 Mhz, 387-464Mhz and 779-928Mhz. Actual frequency support will depend on your board
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`home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoRTL_433 {"mhz":315.026}`
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### Change Signal RSSI Threshold Delta
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Delta applied to RSSI floor noise level to determine start and end of signal, defaults to 9db.
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`home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoRTL_433 {"rssi": 9}`
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### Retrieve current status of receiver
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`home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoRTL_433 {"status":1}`
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```
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{"model":"status",
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"protocol":"debug",
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"debug":0, - rtl_433 verbose setting
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"duration":11799327, - duration of current signal
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"Gap length":-943575, - duration of gap between current signal
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"rssi":-38, - most recent received signal strength
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"train":1, - signal processing train #
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"messageCount":3, - total number of signals received
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"totalSignals":9, - RegOokFix signal quality count ( of 10 )
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"ignoredSignals":0, - RegOokFix signal quality ignored signals
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"unparsedSignals":3, - RegOokFix signal quality unparseable signals
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"_enabledReceiver":1, - which receiver is enabled
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"receiveMode":0, - is the receiver currently receiving a signal
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"currentRssi":-89, - current rssi level
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"rssiThreshold":-82, - minimum rssi level to start signal processing
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"pulses":0, - how many pulses have been received in the current signal
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"StackHighWaterMark":5528, - ESP32 Stack
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"freeMem":112880} - ESP32 memory available
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```
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## Changing Active Receiver Modules
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### Switching Active Receiver Module
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Switching of the active transceiver (RTL_433 receiver only) module is available between the RF, RF2, RTL_433 and Pilight Gateway modules, allowing for changing of signal decoders without redeploying the openMQTTGateway package. Sending a JSON message to the command topic of the desired receiver will change the active transceiver module.
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To enable the RF Gateway module send a json message to the RF Gateway module command subject with the key being 'active', and any value. The value at this time is ignored.
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Example:
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`mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTto433" -m '{"active":true}'`
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To enable the PiLight Gateway module send a json message to the PiLight Gateway module command subject with the key being 'active', and any value. The value at this time is ignored.
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Example:
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`mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoPilight" -m '{"active":true}'`
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To enable the RF2 Gateway module send a json message to the RF2 Gateway module command subject with the key being 'active', and any value. The value at this time is ignored.
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Example:
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`mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoRF2" -m '{"active":true}'`
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To enable the RTL_433 Gateway module send a json message to the RTL_433 Gateway module command subject with the key being 'active', and any value. The value at this time is ignored.
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Example:
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`mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoRTL_433" -m '{"active":true}'`
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### Status Messages
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The openMQTTGateway status message contains a key `actRec` which is the current active receiver module.
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1 - PiLight
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2 - RF
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3 - RTL_433
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4 - RF2
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## RCSwitch based gateway
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### Receiving data from RF signal
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Subscribe to all the messages with mosquitto or open your MQTT client software:
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` sudo mosquitto_sub -t +/# -v`
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Generate your RF signals by pressing a remote button or other and you should see :
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`home/OpenMQTTGateway/433toMQTT {"value":1315156,"protocol":1,"length":24,"delay":317}`
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### Disabling Transmit function to safe a PIN
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To disable transmit functions to allow the use of another pin, add the following to the config_rf.h file :
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`#define RF_DISABLE_TRANSMIT`
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### Send data by MQTT to convert it on RF signal
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`mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTto433" -m '{"value":1315156}'`
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This command will send by RF the code 1315156 and use the default parameters (protocol 1, delay 350)
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Arduino IDE serial data received when publishing data by MQTT
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We see that the Arduino receive the value 1315156 on the MQTT subject "MQTTto433" and send the data by RF
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Arduino IDE serial data received when receiving data by 433Mhz
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### Send data by MQTT with advanced RF parameters
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RF sending support three advanced parameters: bits length, RF protocol and RF pulselength
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-if you want to use a bits number different than 24 put inside your topic "length":24 for example
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-if you want to use a different RCswitch protocol put inside your payload the protocol number 2, "protocol":2.
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-if you want to use a pulselength 315 put inside your topic "delay":315
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Example:
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`mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTto433" -m '{"value":1315156,"protocol":2,"length":24,"delay":315}'`
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will make RCSwitch use the protocol 2 with a pulselength of 315ms and a bits number of 24 with a power of 5
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### Repeat the RF signal OpenMQTTGateway receive
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So as to repeat the RF signal received by the gateway once set the following parameter to true in config_RF.h
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`#define repeatRFwMQTT true`
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### Repeat the RF signal several times
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You can add a "repeat" key/value to the MQTTto433 JSON message to override the default number of repeats.
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Example:
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`home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTto433 {"value":1315156,"protocol":1,"length":24,"delay":317, "repeat":10}`
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### Set Transmit and Receive Frequency and Transmit Power of CC1101 Transceiver
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Default transmit frequency of the CC1101 module is 433.92 Mhz, and this can be can changed by including the frequency in the transmit message. Parameter is `mhz` and valid values are 300-348 Mhz, 387-464Mhz and 779-928Mhz. Actual frequency support will depend on your CC1101 board.
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`home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTto433 {"value":1150,"protocol":6,"length":12,"delay":450,"repeat":8,"mhz":303.732}`
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Default receive frequency of the CC1101 module is 433.92 Mhz, and this can be can changed by sending a message with the frequency. Parameter is `mhz` and valid values are 300-348 Mhz, 387-464Mhz and 779-928Mhz. Actual frequency support will depend on your CC1101 board
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`home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTto433 {"mhz":315.026}`
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Messages received will include the frequency, and when transmitting on a different frequency the module return to the receive frequency afterwards. ie transmit messages on 303.732 Mhz then receive messages on 433.92 Mhz
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`{"value":4534142,"protocol":6,"length":26,"delay":356,"mhz":315.026}`
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You can adjust the tx-power in db for a transmission. Parameter is `cc1101_pa` and valid values in decibel are (-30 -20 -15 -10 -6 0 5 7 10 11 12) Default is max!
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That can be done to reduce range and therefore disturbances with other nearby devices.
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If you want to send a transmission with a power of 5 db than use the message
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`{"value":1315156,"protocol":2,"length":24,"delay":315, "cc1101_pa":5}`
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## Pilight gateway
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### Receiving data from RF signal
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Subscribe to all the messages with mosquitto or open your MQTT client software:
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` sudo mosquitto_sub -t +/# -v`
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Generate your RF signals by pressing a remote button or other and you will see :
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#### Enabling RAW packet return support
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First, you need to compile a binary with `Pilight_rawEnabled true` uncommented in config_RF.h.
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Once the device is online, you can turn on the RAW packet return support with the following MQTT command:
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`mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoPilight/protocols" -m '{"rawEnabled":true}'`
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The returned JSON looks like this:
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`Client (null) received PUBLISH (d0, q0, r0, m0, 'home/OpenMQTTGateway/PilighttoMQTT', ... (176 bytes))
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{"format":"RAW","rawlen":106,"pulsesString":"c:0102010102020202020101010101010102020201020102020202020201010101010101010101010102010102010201020201010203;p:521,944,1924,3845@"}`
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The pulseString format is Pilight's native. For those who are not familiar with it:
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c:* are the indexes for the p:* array, which are the different pulse length. (e.g. pulse[0] = 521ms, pulse[1]=944ms..., so c[0], which is a '0' = 521ms pulse, c[1], which is a '1' =944ms pulse etc)
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After gathering all the packets you need, simply turn off the RAW packet support via MQTT:
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`mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoPilight/protocols" -m '{"rawEnabled":false}'`
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### Limit Protocols
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It is possible to limit the protocols that Pilight will respond to, this can help reduce noise from unwanted devices and in some cases disable conflicting protocols.
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#### Available protocols
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To list the available protocols on the Serial -
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`mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoPilight/protocols" -m '{"available":true}'`
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#### Limit protocols
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To limit the protocols, send a JSON array of protocols as below -
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`mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoPilight/protocols -m '{"limit": ["array", "of", "protocols"]}'`
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eg: `mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoPilight/protocols" -m '{"limit":["tfa", "ev1527"}'`
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#### Reset protocols
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To reset and listen to all protocols -
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`mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoPilight/protocols -m '{"reset": true}'`
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#### Enabled protocols
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To list the enabled protocols on the Serial -
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`mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoPilight/protocols" -m '{"enabled":true}'`
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### Send data by MQTT to transmit a RF signal
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#### Using a known protocol
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**ON**
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`mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoPilight" -m '{"message":"{\"systemcode\":12,\"unitcode\":22,\"on\":1}","protocol":"elro_400_switch"}'`
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**OFF**
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`mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoPilight" -m '{"message":"{\"systemcode\":12,\"unitcode\":22,\"off\":1}","protocol":"elro_400_switch"}'`
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These commands will transmit by RF the signals to actuate an elro_400 switch.
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#### Using a raw signal
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You can transmit raw signal data by using the "raw" protocol. This uses the Pilight pulse train string format. One such example string, representing a transmission for Nexus protocol weather stations, looks like this: `c:03020202010102020102010101010101010202020201020102020202020101010201010202;p:500,1000,2000,4000;r:12@`. This string represents pulses and gaps directly.
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Each number in the list after `p:` that ends with `;` stands for **p**ulse and gap lengths in microseconds (µs). In this example, we have a list containing lengths of 500µs, 1000µs, 2000µs, and 4000µs.
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Each number after `c:` and ended by `;` represents a **c**ode that references the `p:` list by index. In this example, the first 4 numbers after `c:` are 0, 3, 0, and 2, which reference `p:`[0] = 500, `p:`[3] = 4000, `p:`[0] = 500, and `p:`[2] = 2000, respectively. In the language of digital radio transceiving, the most basic unit is usually a pulse and gap pair; in other words, 0s and 1s are represented by a pulse followed by a gap (lack of pulse) and the time lengths of these pulses and gaps. Different protocols have different pulse lengths and gap lengths representing 0, and a different one representing 1. Because of this pulse-gap nature, the codes in `c:` must be taken as pairs; the first number in a pair represents the length of the pulse, and the second number the subsequent gap. In this example, the first pair, 03, represents a pulse of 500µs followed by a gap of 4000µs. The next pair, 02, represents a pulse of 500µs followed by a gap of 2000µs.
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The number after `r:` represents how many times the message in the string is to be **r**epeated. The `r:` block is optional. The default number of repeats if `r:` is not specified is 10. Greater than about 100 repeats will cause a crash due to memory usage. If this example were written without specifying repeats, it would look like this: `{"raw":"c:03020202010102020102010101010101010202020201020102020202020101010201010202;p:500,1000,2000,4000@"}`
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The entire string must end in a `@`. Each block must end in a `;`, but if it is the last block in the string, the `@` replaces the `;`. Since the `r:` block is optional, this last block could be either `p:` or `r:`.
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The JSON for the MQTT message to `home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoPilight` should specify the pulse train string as the value for the "raw" key: `{"raw":"c:03020202010102020102010101010101010202020201020102020202020101010201010202;p:500,1000,2000,4000;r:12@"}`.
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e.g. `mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoPilight" -m '{"raw":"c:03020202010102020102010101010101010202020201020102020202020101010201010202;p:500,1000,2000,4000;r:12@"}'`
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## RF with SONOFF RF BRIDGE
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### Receiving data from RF signal
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Subscribe to all the messages with mosquitto or open your MQTT client software:
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` sudo mosquitto_sub -t +/# -v`
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Generate your RF signals by pressing a remote button or other and you will see:
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```
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home/OpenMQTTGateway/SRFBtoMQTT {"raw":"2B660186042E00E7E5","value":"59365","delay":"1111","val_Thigh":"390","val_Tlow":"1070"}
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```
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The first parameter is the raw value extracted from the RF module of the Sonoff bridge. The data are in hexadecimal and correspond to the details below:
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https://www.itead.cc/wiki/images/5/5e/RF_Universal_Transeceive_Module_Serial_Protocol_v1.0.pdf
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OpenMQTTGateway process the raw value to extract the other decimal values that can be reused to reproduce a signal (raw value can also be reused).
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NOTE: currently the device doesn't receive correct values from Switches remote control
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### Send data by MQTT to convert it on RF signal
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`mosquitto_pub -t "home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoSRFB" -m '{"value":1315156}'`
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This command will send by RF the code 1315156 and use the default parameters:
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Repeat = 1
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Low time= 320
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High time= 900
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SYNC = 9500
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### Send data by MQTT with advanced RF parameters
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RF bridge sending support four advanced parameters; Repeat, Low time, High time & Sync
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if you want to repeat your signal sending put into your json payload "repeat":2, 2 means 2 repetitions of signal
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if you want to use a low time of 315 put inside your json payload "Tlow":315
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if you want to use a high time of 845 put inside your json payload "Thigh":845
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if you want to use a sync time of 9123 put inside your json payload "Tsyn":9123
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Example:
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`mosquitto_pub -t home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoSRFB/Tlow_315/Thigh_845/Tsyn_9123 -m '{"value":"33151562","delay":"9123","val_Thigh":"845","val_Tlow":"315"}'`
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will make RF Bridge send a signal with the use of listed parameters 315, 845, 9123...
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`mosquitto_pub -t home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoSRFB/Raw -m '{"raw":"267A013603B6140551"}'`
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will make RF Bridge send a signal with the use of advanced parameters defined in the raw string
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## RF2 gateway KAKU
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RF2 gateway enables to send command to RF devices with the KAKU protocol. DIO chacon devices are an example.
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It uses the same pinout as the RF gateway and both gateways can be used on the same setup.
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Receiving RF codes with the KAKU protocol is not compatible with ZgatewayRF , so as to get the code of your remotes you should comment ZgatewayRF in User_config.h.
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Transmitting can be done with both ZgatewayRF and ZgatewayRF2
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### Receiving data from KAKU signal
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Subscribe to all the messages with mosquitto or open your MQTT client software:
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` sudo mosquitto_sub -t +/# -v`
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Generate your RF signals by pressing a remote button or other and you will see :
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`home/OpenMQTTGateway/RF2toMQTT {"unit":0,"groupBit":0,"period":273,"address":8233228,"switchType":0}`
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### Send data by MQTT to convert it on KAKU signal
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Once you get the infos publish the parameters with MQTT like that for off:
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`mosquitto_pub -t home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoRF2 -m "{"unit":0,"groupBit":0,"period":273,"address":8233228,"switchType":0}"`
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for on:
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`mosquitto_pub -t home/OpenMQTTGateway/commands/MQTTtoRF2 -m "{"unit":0,"groupBit":0,"period":273,"address":8233228,"switchType":1}"`
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